Insurance in blackjack should be classified as a sucker bet. It is also classified as a side bet, available in most games of 21. It is offered when the dealer holds an Ace as their up-card. The bet is only open before the dealer checks or draws the hole card. For players not holding a natural blackjack, if insurance is taken, they must place an additional wager equal to half of their original wager. If the dealer goes on to draw a card valued at 10 to make blackjack, the insurance bet is paid out at 2:1.
For players who are holding a natural blackjack, they may also take insurance (called maximum insurance). Here the player forfeits the 3:2 payout for a winning blackjack hand in place for a guaranteed even-money (1:1) payout, regardless of what the dealer has.
- Blackjack is a game of decisions, and an insurance bet is another decision to make, independent of the main bet. While you should always make a judgment based on the game in front of you, the odds that you will win insurance bets are not in your favor in the long run.
- Blackjack is a fun game to play and many people play successfully without ever learning how to double down or take insurance in the most effective manner. These are issues that even those who have been playing blackjack for awhile struggle with.
- When playing casino blackjack, players should understand that the insurance plan bet is decided round the special area of the table, which regularly will get the language “Insurance Pays 2:1”. Some card sharks are weary about using insurance since it offers the home a substantial advantage.
The reasoning behind insurance bets is when dealers have a visible Ace card, chances of them drawing a ten-valued card is just less than one in three, so this side bet ‘insures’ against the possibility of such an outcome, to make up for the inevitable loss/push.
Insurance Is A Bad Wager
Picture this: the dealer is showing an Ace. Your hand, in comparison, is terrible. You’ve already had a few hard losses and don’t fancy losing another round. Suddenly, the dealer asks you if you’d like to insure your bet. You already have a good hunch he/she is going to draw a 10 or face-card to make blackjack, so this sounds like a good way out. Or this: the dealer has a face-up Ace but you have a two-card natural blackjack. The 3:2 payout for your blackjack is mighty tempting, but if the dealer also draws a 10 and makes blackjack as well, taking a guaranteed win with maximum insurance, rather than risking a push, sounds like the best move.
While Blackjack Insurance is never a good idea - there are plenty of more entertaining Blackjack side bets you can accept. And some of these can really increase the tension of a game. Extra payout opportunities or even jackpots - there are a number of options you can choose to enhance your gameplay.
Wrong and wrong.
At first glance, insurance bets do seem like good side wagers. They sound like a safe back-up plan in an intense game of blackjack, where a dealer two-card natural seems likely. And the way many blackjack dealers describe the bet makes it seem the best and most logical move you can make in the dreaded situation of a dealer face-up Ace. Unfortunately, this is an illusion and the casino is the only party who will ever make money from such a bet in the long run.
Don’t let yourself be fooled by the way casinos word it or how other players may recommend it, whatever reason they try to offer: place your bets elsewhere. “Insuring weak hands is necessary,” or “it is only half of your original bet;” such rationale is based on the wrong sort of game-play logic. If you are relying too heavily on intuition or superstition to govern your hands, it’s likely you won’t be winning in the long-term.
From one blackjack enthusiast to another, steer clear of insurance bets: it’s almost always a wasteful bet. We are going to explain to you what insurance bets really are, show you the odds behind the bet, and analyse a typical game of 21 to illustrate why it is a sucker’s bet.
How Insurance Bets Work
As a side bet, insurance bets have nothing to do with the cards we have. While an insurance bet is commonly thought of as a wager which ‘protects’ us in the case of a dealer blackjack, in actuality, it is simply a side wager on the dealer having/drawing a natural blackjack, and nothing more. Taking insurance while your own hand is a two-card natural (maximum insurance), or a crappy 15, makes no difference, because it has no bearing on it.
Let us assume we put down a $10 bet, are not dealt blackjack, and the dealer shows an Ace. If we take insurance, half of our original bet ($5) is put on the table to be used as insurance. Now we can’t win both bets, so already we know one of them is going to be a loss. If the dealer’s shows/draws a King as his/her second card, they have blackjack. This means we win $10 (get back a total of $15) from our insurance bet. But we’ve also lost our original wager of $10 because the dealer beats us with blackjack. So we have broken even in the end.
Examining the alternate outcome of the dealer’s hand, let’s say the dealer does not hit blackjack. This means we lose our insurance bet of $5, and play out our initial hand of $10. If we win, we make a $5 profit, is we lose, we lose $15 for the round. but it is essentially a wasteful side-bet in the long-run.
So the possible outcomes when taking insurance, using the above as an example, are as follows:
- A $5 win.
- Break even
- A $15 loss.
The possible outcomes when not taking insurance, using the above as an example, are as follows:
- A $10 win.
- A $10 loss.
Looking at the outcomes this way, you’d rather opt for a $10 win or $10 loss when the dealer holds an Ace, as opposed to a maximum win of $5 and a potential loss of $15, not just in the long run, but in the short-term too.
Additionally, in every full 52-deck of cards, four out of every 13 cards are worth 10 points (in blackjack); the cards which would lead to a dealer blackjack after showing an Ace. If you hypothetically wagered $10 as an insurance bet every time the dealer showed an Ace to ‘insure’ yourself against the worst possible outcome (let’s say 13 times), on average, you would win four of the bets (a profit of $80 with a 2:1 payout), and lose the other nine bets (loss of $90). The house gains $10, and you lose more money in the long-run.
This demonstrates the basic explanation as to why, in the long run, insurance is wasteful and you’d be much better served not taking it. The following sections drill further to explain the high house edge of insurance bets.
Insurance Bet Payout, Odds & House Edge
While no casino bets have payouts which are true reflections of their exact winning odds, as that would eliminate the house edge, it is important to note the differential between the payout and the actual winning odds (which is the number of ways of winning against the number of ways of losing), as this accounts for the house’s advantage.
The payout of a regular insurance bet (when the player is not holding blackjack) is 2:1. A typical 52-card deck on an insurance bet play (only one player v dealer) has 49 unseen cards and three seen cards at the start of the game (dealer’s Ace, and player’s two cards). If we begin with the assumption our hand does not contain a 10-value card, then there are 16 cards worth 10 points in the deck, and 33 other cards.
Let us examine three possible scenarios, with an original initial wager of $20, and an insurance side bet of $10, to determine the true odds of the dealer hitting blackjack by drawing a 10-valued card:
1/ We have no 10-value cards in our hand: there are 16 ten-value cards in the deck, and 33 other cards. So to get the actual odds of winning the insurance bet, we divide 33 by 16, which equates to 2.0625 to 1. So if all was fair in the casino world, we’d actually receive a 2.0625 to 1 payout, or approximately $20.60 from our $10 bet. But as the house needs to profit, this is not possible.
2/ We have one 10-value card and a card that is not worth 10: there are only 15 ten-valued cards remaining, and 34 others. 34/15 works out to be actual winning odds (chances) of around 2.2666/1; so ideally we’d like a 2.2666 to 1 payout, or approximately $22.60 from our $10 bet.
3/ We have two ten value cards in our hand: This means there are only 14 ten-value cards remaining and 35 others. Divide 35 by 14, and we get odds of 2.5 to 1; so ideally, $25 we would like to receive from our $10 bet. This is thus the worst possible hand to take the insurance bet (even though you should not take it at all), because the odds are so out of our favour.
Only with one deck and when the player is holding no 10s, is the house edge for insurance below 3%. It sky-rockets after that.
Insurance May Seem Ideal, But It Isn’t
Many players argue on other sites, books and forums that when the shoe has more ten-valued cards than usual, insurance is a great way to make sure you cover potential loses and quite possibly earn a healthy payout. Yes, ultimately this would make sense if we knew when to take it, but the only way any player can know when such an ideal situation occurs is if you know how to count cards.
Essentially, while many players fall for insurance bets, they aren’t profitable or wise, and have no bearing on our hand. Many players will also take maximum insurance with a two-card natural hand, rather than risk a push, but this is more disadvantageous in the long run, since the Ten in the player’s blackjack means it is less likely the dealer has blackjack.
Insurance is taken far too often. Remain informed about its lack of tactical advantage or logic before playing. And besides, if you take insurance every now and then just because you have a hunch, you are playing on instinct, which is a dangerous method of play in blackjack, as you are abandoning basic blackjack strategy. We can play our hand based on the assumption the dealer has blackjack, but don’t insure, as the odds are very much against us.
on
I’ve written a few articles in the past that included advice that said you should never take insurance when you play blackjack. I stand by this advice because, for over 90% of the players who read my articles, the advice is 100% correct.
But I also need to present the other side of the argument to give you a complete understanding of insurance. The truth is that insurance is the correct play in a few specific situations. Most of these situations only become apparent to professional card counters, and because counting pros spend most of their time beating the casinos and not reading my articles, my advice of never taking insurance is correct for everyone else.
So why am I writing an article about taking insurance?
As you’re getting ready to learn, there are a few situations while playing blackjack when clearly it seems that taking insurance is a good bet. The odds are good that these situations are going to surprise you because they’re not why most players take insurance.
The Argument Against Insurance
The reason why taking insurance is a bad decision most of the time can be explained using simple math. But, as you’re going to see in the next section, this same simple math is used to show in a few situations that insurance is a good bet.
When the dealer has an ace, he or she offers insurance to the payers at the table. Insurance costs half of your original wager and pays 2 to 1 when the dealer has a natural blackjack. The only way the dealer has a natural blackjack is when his or her down card is worth 10 points.
The odds of the face down card being worth 10 points are 9 to 4 against. This is a percentage chance of 30.77% that the dealer has a blackjack. The reason why the odds are 9 to 4 is because of the 13 total card ranks, four of them are worth 10 points, and the other nine aren’t. The four 10-point value ranks are the face cards and the 10s.
When you compare 9 to 4 against the payout of 2 to 1, the casino has an edge. For the bet to be fair, the chances of the dealer having a blackjack need to be the same as the payout. The payout of 2 to 1 means that the percentage chance of the dealer having a blackjack needs to be 33.33%.
In any situation where the chance the dealer has a blackjack is over 33.33%, the insurance wager is a good bet.
The problem is that most of the time, the dealer doesn’t have a 33.33% or higher chance to have a blackjack. This goes back to how you compute the dealer’s percentage, or odds, based on the normal makeup of a deck of cards.
Determining the odds or percentages based on a normal distribution of cards in the deck sounds correct, but it assumes you don’t know the value of any cards. This is the safe way to do it, especially in a shoe game because a single card doesn’t change the odds or percentages much.
But what happens if you take the knowledge of cards played and remaining available in the deck or shoe into account?
Is there a way to use this information to determine when taking insurance is a good bet?
When You Should Take Insurance
Now that you understand how the math behind the insurance bet works, let’s look at a specific example where the bet changes from bad to good.
You’re playing in a single deck blackjack game.
- On the first round of hands, you see the value of 14 cards. Only one of them is worth 10 points, so the remaining cards have 15 cards valued at 10. With 14 cards played, the deck has a total of 38 cards.
- The second round of hands is dealt, and the dealer has an ace face up. You haven’t seen the value of the other player’s cards at this point, and you have a king in your hand. Now you’ve seen the values of 17 cards when you include the two in your hand and the dealer’s ace.
- The remaining unseen cards total 35 and 14 of them are worth 10 points. This means that the odds of the dealer having a 10-point value down card are 21 to 14 or 3 to 2 against. In other words, 40% of the time the dealer is going to have a natural blackjack.
A winning insurance wager pays 2 to 1, so the odds are better than that in this hand. The 2 to 1 payout means that the chance of a dealer blackjack needs to be at least 33.3%, and in this example, the chance is 40%.
While this example is an extreme one to show when insurance is a good bet, you can also learn something from it. Now that you know that the chances of the dealer having a natural blackjack need to be 33.3% or higher, you can use this information in any single deck blackjack game. You can even use it in a double deck game if you do a good job of tracking cards.
This is much like card counting in that you don’t have to memorize every single card that’s been played. All you need to do is keep track of the ratio of total cards played to 10-point value cards. This even works in shoe games, but the truth is if you’re able to keep track of this ratio in shoe games, you should be counting cards.
How Important Is This Knowledge?
While it’s important to recognize and use every small advantage you can find, the truth is that the opportunity to take insurance with an edge is rare. If you play in single and double deck games often, it’s something that you should watch for.
But you should only concern yourself with profitable insurance opportunities after you do a few other things to lower the house edge. The first thing you should do is find blackjack games with good rules. The next thing every blackjack player should do is use basic strategy. It’s a waste of time and energy to worry about insurance before you do these two things.
Once you learn about the rules and learn how to use perfect strategy, then you can start looking for opportunities to take advantage of insurance. But even in this situation, I recommend looking for insurance opportunities as an introduction to learning more about counting cards.
When you start tracking card ratios, which is at the heart of determining when taking insurance is a good bet, you’re starting to use the same techniques card counters use. And the fact is that most popular card counting systems include a breakpoint where players start taking insurance.
In other words, a good counting system already has the insurance wager built in, so you know when to take it and when not to take it.
If you’re looking for every possible edge at the blackjack table, understanding how insurance works and when you should take it is important. But if you don’t want to do the extra work, then stick with good rules and proper strategy. By declining insurance every time, you’re not going to make a mistake often. When you do, it’s only going to cost you a small amount over time.
It’s a much more costly mistake to take insurance when you shouldn’t than to miss an opportunity to take insurance every once in a while, when it’s the correct play.
Conclusion
Taking insurance at the blackjack table is a bad bet most of the time. If you’re a basic strategy player or a seat of your pants player and don’t count cards, your best play is to always decline blackjack insurance. But as you can see from the numbers included in this article, there are certain situations when insurance goes from a bad bet to a good one.
Once you master basic blackjack strategy, start looking for opportunities where insurance is a good bet. When you start recognizing these opportunities, it’s a good sign that you’re ready to investigate card counting. It’s a small step from understanding and using what you learned above to become a successful card counter.